@article {455, title = {Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood and adolescent internalizing symptoms}, journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child \& Adolescent Psychiatry}, volume = {61}, year = {2022}, pages = {934{\textendash}945}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic architecture of internalizing symptoms in childhood and adolescence.

METHOD: In 22 cohorts, multiple univariate genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were performed using repeated assessments of internalizing symptoms, in a total of 64,561 children and adolescents between 3 and 18 years of age. Results were aggregated in meta-analyses that accounted for sample overlap, first using all available data, and then using subsets of measurements grouped by rater, age, and instrument.

RESULTS: The meta-analysis of overall internalizing symptoms (INToverall) detected no genome-wide significant hits and showed low single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability (1.66\%, 95\% CI = 0.84-2.48

}, keywords = {anxiety, Depression, genetic epidemiology, molecular genetics, repeated measures}, doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2021.11.035}, author = {Jami, Eshim S and Hammerschlag, Anke R and Ip, Hill F and Allegrini, Andrea G and Benyamin, Beben and Border, Richard and Diemer, Elizabeth W and Jiang, Chang and Karhunen, Ville and Lu, Yi and Lu, Qing and Mallard, Travis T and Mishra, Pashupati P and Nolte, Ilja M and Palviainen, Teemu and Peterson, Roseann E and Sallis, Hannah M and Shabalin, Andrey A and Tate, Ashley E and Thiering, Elisabeth and Vilor-Tejedor, Nat{\`a}lia and Wang, Carol and Zhou, Ang and Adkins, Daniel E and Alemany, Silvia and Ask, Helga and Chen, Qi and Corley, Robin P and Ehli, Erik A and Evans, Luke M and Havdahl, Alexandra and Hagenbeek, Fiona A and Hakulinen, Christian and Henders, Anjali K and Hottenga, Jouke Jan and Korhonen, Tellervo and Mamun, Abdullah and Marrington, Shelby and Neumann, Alexander and Rimfeld, Kaili and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Silberg, Judy L and van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E and Vuoksimaa, Eero and Whipp, Alyce M and Tong, Xiaoran and Andreassen, Ole A and Boomsma, Dorret I and Brown, Sandra A and Burt, S Alexandra and Copeland, William and Dick, Danielle M and Harden, K Paige and Harris, Kathleen Mullan and Hartman, Catharina A and Heinrich, Joachim and Hewitt, John K and Hopfer, Christian and Hypponen, Elina and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Kaprio, Jaakko and Keltikangas-J{\"a}rvinen, Liisa and Klump, Kelly L and Krauter, Kenneth and Kuja-Halkola, Ralf and Larsson, Henrik and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Lichtenstein, Paul and Lundstr{\"o}m, Sebastian and Maes, Hermine H and Magnus, Per and Munaf{\`o}, Marcus R and Najman, Jake M and Nj{\o}lstad, P\aal R and Oldehinkel, Albertine J and Pennell, Craig E and Plomin, Robert and Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted and Reynolds, Chandra and Rose, Richard J and Smolen, Andrew and Snieder, Harold and Stallings, Michael and Standl, Marie and Sunyer, Jordi and Tiemeier, Henning and Wadsworth, Sally J and Wall, Tamara L and Whitehouse, Andrew J O and Williams, Gail M and Ystr{\o}m, Eivind and Nivard, Michel G and Bartels, Meike and Middeldorp, Christel M} } @article {465, title = {Overview of CAPICE - Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe - an EU Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie International Training Network}, journal = {European Child \& Adolescent Psychiatry}, volume = {31}, year = {2022}, pages = {829{\textendash}839}, abstract = {

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. CAPICE brings together eight birth and childhood cohorts as well as other cohorts from the EArly Genetics and Life course Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortium, including twin cohorts, with unique longitudinal data on environmental exposures and mental health problems, and genetic data on participants. Here we describe the objectives, summarize the methodological approaches and initial results, and present the dissemination strategy of the CAPICE network. Besides identifying genetic and epigenetic variants associated with these phenotypes, analyses have been performed to shed light on the role of genetic factors and the interplay with the environment in influencing the persistence of symptoms across the lifespan. Data harmonization and building an advanced data catalogue are also part of the work plan. Findings will be disseminated to non-academic parties, in close collaboration with the Global Alliance of Mental Illness Advocacy Networks-Europe (GAMIAN-Europe).

}, keywords = {anxiety, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Childhood and adolescence psychopathology, Depression, Psychiatric genetics}, doi = {10.1007/s00787-020-01713-2}, author = {Rajula, Hema Sekhar Reddy and Manchia, Mirko and Agarwal, Kratika and Akingbuwa, Wonuola A and Allegrini, Andrea G and Diemer, Elizabeth and Doering, Sabrina and Haan, Elis and Jami, Eshim S and Karhunen, Ville and Leone, Marica and Schellhas, Laura and Thompson, Ashley and van den Berg, St{\'e}phanie M and Bergen, Sarah E and Kuja-Halkola, Ralf and Hammerschlag, Anke R and J{\"a}rvelin, Marjo Riitta and Leval, Amy and Lichtenstein, Paul and Lundstr{\"o}m, Sebastian and Mauri, Matteo and Munaf{\`o}, Marcus R and Myers, David and Plomin, Robert and Rimfeld, Kaili and Tiemeier, Henning and Ystrom, Eivind and Fanos, Vassilios and Bartels, Meike and Middeldorp, Christel M} } @article {407, title = {Anxiety at age 15 predicts psychiatric diagnoses and suicidal ideation in late adolescence and young adulthood: results from two longitudinal studies}, journal = {BMC Psychiatry}, volume = {19}, year = {2019}, pages = {363}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders in adolescence have been associated with several psychiatric outcomes. We sought to describe the prospective relationship between various levels of adolescent anxiety and psychiatric diagnoses (anxiety-, bipolar/psychotic-, depressive-, and alcohol and drug misuse disorders) and suicidal ideation in early adulthood while adjusting for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Furthermore, we aimed to estimate the proportion attributable to the various anxiety levels for the outcomes.

METHODS: We used a nation-wide population-based Swedish twin study comprising 14,106 fifteen-year-old twins born in Sweden between 1994 and 2002 and a replication sample consisting of 9211 Dutch twins, born between 1985 and 1999. Adolescent anxiety was measured with parental and self-report. Psychiatric diagnoses and suicidal ideation were retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register and via self-report.

RESULTS: Adolescent anxiety, of various levels, predicted, in the Swedish National Patient Register, anxiety disorders: hazard ratio (HR) = 4.92 (CI 3.33-7.28); depressive disorders: HR = 4.79 (3.23-7.08), and any psychiatric outcome: HR = 3.40 (2.58-4.48), when adjusting for ADHD, ASD, and DCD. The results were replicated in the Dutch data. The proportion of psychiatric outcome attributable to adolescent anxiety over time (age 15-21) was 29\% for any psychiatric outcome, 43-40\% for anxiety disorders, and 39-38\% for depressive disorders.

CONCLUSION: Anxiety in adolescence constitutes an important risk factor in the development of psychiatric outcomes, revealing unique predictions for the different levels of anxiety, and beyond the risk conferred by childhood ADHD, ASD, and DCD. Developmental trajectories leading into psychiatric outcomes should further empirically investigated.

}, keywords = {Adolescence, Anxiety disorders, Depressive disorders, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Suicidal ideation, Young adulthood}, doi = {10.1186/s12888-019-2349-3}, author = {Doering, Sabrina and Lichtenstein, Paul and Gillberg, Christopher and NTR and Middeldorp, Christel M and Bartels, Meike and Kuja-Halkola, Ralf and Lundstr{\"o}m, Sebastian} } @article {256, title = {Predictive validity of parent- and self-rated ADHD symptoms in adolescence on adverse socioeconomic and health outcomes}, journal = {European Child {\&} Adolescent Psychiatry}, volume = {26}, year = {2017}, month = {Jul}, pages = {857{\textendash}867}, abstract = {

There is scarcity of research investigating the validity of self-report of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms compared to other informants, such as parents. This study aimed to compare the predictive associations of ADHD symptoms rated by parents and their children across adolescence on a range of adverse socioeconomic and health outcomes in early adulthood. Parent- and self-rated ADHD symptoms were assessed in 2960 individuals in early (13\–14\ years) and late adolescence (16\–17\ years). Logistic regression analyses were used to compare the associations between parent- and self-rated ADHD symptoms at both time points and adverse life outcomes in young adulthood obtained from Swedish national registries. Both parent- and self-ratings of ADHD symptoms were associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes, although associations of parent-ratings were more often statistically significant and were generally stronger (OR\ =\ 1.12\–1.49, p\ \<\ 0.05) than self-ratings (OR\ =\ 1.07\–1.17, p\ \<\ 0.05). After controlling for the other informant, parent-ratings of ADHD symptoms in both early and late adolescence significantly predicted academic and occupational failure, criminal convictions and traffic-related injuries, while self-ratings of ADHD symptoms only in late adolescence predicted substance use disorder and academic failure. Our findings suggest that both parent- and self-ratings of ADHD symptoms in adolescence provides valuable information on risk of future adverse socioeconomic and health outcomes, however, self-ratings are not valuable once parent-ratings have been taken into account in predicting most outcomes. Thus, clinicians and researchers should prioritize parent-ratings over self-ratings.

}, issn = {1435-165X}, doi = {10.1007/s00787-017-0957-3}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-0957-3}, author = {Du Rietz, Ebba and Kuja-Halkola, Ralf and Brikell, Isabell and Jangmo, Andreas and Sariaslan, Amir and Lichtenstein, Paul and Kuntsi, Jonna and Henrik Larsson} } @article {265, title = {Relative Immaturity in Childhood and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms From Childhood to Early Adulthood: Exploring Genetic and Environmental Overlap Across Development}, journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child \& Adolescent PsychiatryJournal of the American Academy of Child \& Adolescent Psychiatry}, volume = {55}, year = {2016}, month = {2016/10/01}, pages = {886 - 895}, abstract = {

ObjectiveAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to immaturity relative to peers in childhood, yet it is unclear how such immaturity is associated with ADHD across development. This longitudinal twin study examined the genetic and environmental contributions to the association between parents? perception of their child?s immaturity relative to peers (RI) in childhood and ADHD symptoms across development.ObjectiveAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to immaturity relative to peers in childhood, yet it is unclear how such immaturity is associated with ADHD across development. This longitudinal twin study examined the genetic and environmental contributions to the association between parents? perception of their child?s immaturity relative to peers (RI) in childhood and ADHD symptoms across development.

}, isbn = {0890-8567}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.06.014}, author = {Brikell, Isabell and Kuja-Halkola, Ralf and Larsson, Jan-Olov and Benjamin B Lahey and Kuntsi, Jonna and Lichtenstein, Paul and Rydelius, Per-Anders and Henrik Larsson} } @article {80, title = {A Longitudinal Study of Resting Heart Rate and Violent Criminality in More Than 700 000 Men.}, journal = {JAMA Psychiatry}, volume = {72}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Oct 1}, pages = {971-8}, abstract = {

IMPORTANCE: Low resting heart rate is a well-replicated physiological correlate of aggressive and antisocial behavior in children and adolescents, but whether low resting heart rate increases the risk of violence and other antisocial and risk-taking behaviors in adulthood has not been studied in representative samples.

OBJECTIVE: To study the predictive association of resting heart rate with violent and nonviolent criminality and with fatal and nonfatal injuries owing to assaults and unintentional injuries in the population.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a study of data from several Swedish national registers on 710 264 Swedish men in the general population born from 1958 to 1991, with a follow-up of up to 35.7 years. Outcome data were available and analyzed from January 1, 1973, through December 31, 2009. Resting heart rate was measured together with blood pressure at mandatory military conscription testing at a mean (SD) age of 18.2 (0.5) years.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Violent and nonviolent criminal convictions and medical treatments or deaths owing to assaults and unintentional injuries.

RESULTS: In models adjusted for physical, cardiovascular, psychiatric, cognitive, and socioeconomic covariates, compared with 139 511 men in the highest quintile of the distribution of resting heart rate (\≥83 beats/min), 132 595 men with the lowest quintile (heart rate, \≤60 beats/min) had a 39\% (95\% CI, 35\%-44\%) higher hazard of being convicted of violent crimes and a 25\% (95\% CI, 23\%-28\%) higher hazard of being convicted of nonviolent crimes. The corresponding hazard was 39\% higher for assault injuries (95\% CI, 33\%-46\%) and for unintentional injuries (95\% CI, 38\%-41\%). Further adjustment for cardiorespiratory fitness in a subset of 572 610 men with data from an exercise test did not reduce the associations. Similar associations were found between low systolic blood pressure and violent and nonviolent criminality and for assault injuries when systolic blood pressure was studied instead of resting heart rate in more than 1 million men.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among men, low resting heart rate in late adolescence was associated with an increased risk for violent criminality, nonviolent criminality, exposure to assault, and unintentional injury in adulthood. Most of these results were replicated with low systolic blood pressure. Resting heart rate and other autonomic measures merit further study in the development and prevention of violence and antisocial behavior.

}, issn = {2168-6238}, doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1165}, author = {Latvala, Antti and Kuja-Halkola, Ralf and Almqvist, Catarina and Henrik Larsson and Paul Lichtenstein} }