@article {421,
	title = {The (broad-sense) genetic correlations among four measures of inattention and hyperactivity in 12 year Olds},
	journal = {Behavior Genetics},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {273{\textendash}288},
	abstract = {<p>We estimated the genetic covariance matrix among four inattention (INATT) and four hyperactivity (HYP) measures in the classical twin design. Data on INATT and HYP symptom counts were obtained in mono- and dizygotic twin pairs (N = 1593) with an average age of 12.2 years (sd = .51). We analyzed maternal ratings of INATT and HYP based on the Conners\&$\#$39; Parent Rating Scale (CPRS), the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-symptoms and Normal-behavior (SWAN), and teacher ratings based on the Conners\&$\#$39; Teacher rating scale (CTRS) and the ASEBA Teacher Rating Form (TRF). Broad-sense heritabilities, corrected for the main effects of sex and for random teacher rater effects, were large (ranging from .658 to .912). The results reveal pervasive and strong broad-sense genetic effects on INATT and HYP phenotypes with the phenotypic covariance among the phenotypes largely due to correlated genetic effects. Specifically between 79.9 and 99.9\% of the phenotypic covariance among the HYP measures, and between 81.0 and 93.5\% of the INATT measures are attributable to broad-sense genetic effects. Overall, the present results, pertaining to the broad-sense heritabilities and shared genetic effects, support the current genome-wide association meta-analytic approach to identifying pleiotropic genetic variants.</p>
},
	keywords = {ADHD, Genetic correlation, Hyperactivity, Inattention, Multivariate genetic model, Twin design},
	doi = {10.1186/s12966-019-0779-4},
	author = {Dolan, Conor V and de Zeeuw, Eveline L and Zayats, Tetyana and van Beijsterveldt, C E M and Boomsma, Dorret I}
}
