@article {419,
	title = {The heritability of self-control: A meta-analysis},
	journal = {Neuroscience \& Biobehavioral Reviews},
	volume = {100},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {324{\textendash}334},
	abstract = {<p>Self-control is the ability to control one\&$\#$39;s impulses when faced with challenges or temptations, and is robustly associated with physiological and psychological well-being. Twin studies show that self-control is heritable, but estimates range between 0\% and 90\%, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative overview of the heritability of self-control. A systematic search resulted in 31 included studies, 17 reporting on individual samples, based on a sample size of \&gt;30,000 twins, published between 1997 and 2018. Our results revealed an overall monozygotic twin correlation of 0.58, and an overall dizygotic twin correlation of 0.28, resulting in a heritability estimate of 60\%. The heritability of self-control did not vary across gender or age. The heritability did differ across informants, with stronger heritability estimates based on parent report versus self-report or observations. This finding provides evidence that when aiming to understand individual differences in self-control, one should take genetic factors into account. Recommendations for future research are discussed.</p>
},
	keywords = {genetics, heritability, meta-analysis, self-control, Twin},
	doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.012},
	author = {Willems, Y E and Boesen, N and Li, J and Finkenauer, C and Bartels, M}
}
